I like to read Critiques and Criticisms because it broadens my view of writing, yet narrows my focus as to where or how to focus my attention. I studied creative writing as an undergrad and while I appreciated everything I learned, it did not cover what I learned from my English Literature (in which I later earned a Masters Degree) Critique and Criticisms, which helped me to become a better (creative-fiction) writer...I think.
In "An Essay on Criticism," Alexander Pope cites elements of Neoclassical criticism as "wit, Nature, ancients, rules, and genius." These terms serve to provide the foundation for which Pope used as a means to define criticisms. Wit, or genius, refers to the tone of the style of the writing; Nature here, refers to "intuitive knowledge;" and as the Augustan's quarried into whether the ancient Greek and Roman writings are to merely serve as guidelines or rules.
In regard to writing, Pope suggests, "Launch not beyond your depth, but be discreet / And mark that point where sense and dullness meet." He continues with the assertion that Nature provides one with all they need to write and to think, and one should not pretend to write beyond what you know, but to use your imagination. Let Nature be your guide and "be original, but draw your inspiration from your study and delight. Read by day and meditate by night." Here, Pope is suggesting that first we must know and understand the great pieces of literature in order to be able to trace the origins.
Moreover, Pope adds, that one must learn the writing principles of the ancients and when critiquing work, look at the work in the sum of the whole, not just the parts, and try not to violate the standards set before you by the great writers of the past, but look beyond your own arrogance so that you follow an ideal formula for writing great work. Writing is an art form that takes time to master, thus, take the time to learn to do so properly.
"A little learning is a dangerous thing;
Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring.
There shallow draughts intoxicate the brain,
And drinking largely sobers us again."
Refined style and wit personify great writing, and those who fail to be great writers will fail because they attempt to forgo the preset schematics set forth by great writers and try to do things their own way. (This is called "15-minutes of fame to mind.") Do not be harsh or brash, unless the subject of which you write is harsh or brash.
Basically, what Pope is saying, do not think you are above the greatest of writers, but follow in their ways. Learn from the masters, just as sculptures and painters must, and never part from their ways.
Image: www.history.com
Image: www.history.com